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STS496 Alphonse L.M.
            chartered  and  registered  statisticians  and  scientists  and  graduated
            statisticians.  RSS  also  has  a  number  of  corporate  partners,  which  are
            government  agencies.  RSS  has  voluntary  accreditation  systems  for
            statisticians.  It  promotes  the  use  of  statistics  in  policy  formulation  and
            decision-making,  statistical  literacy,  and  the  development  of  statistics  as  a
            science and profession. It has developed a large number of guides including
            a series to assist judges, lawyers, forensic scientists and other expert witnesses
            in dealing with statistical evidence in the administration of criminal justice. RSS
            issued  a  code  of  conduct  in  1993  which  was  revised  in  2014.  The  code  is
            mandatory for all professionally qualified members but is recommended to all
            the members.
            (http://www.rss.org.uk/Images/PDF/join-us/RSS-Code-of-Conduct-2014.pdf)
                ASA  was  established  in  1839  in  Boston.  At  present  ASA  has  a  global
            membership in excess of 18,000 persons with an interest in statistics and has
            a  large  network  of  US  based  chapters  and  sections.  ASA  also  includes
            organisations as members. Since its inception ASA has promoted excellence
            in  the  development  and  application  of  statistics  as  a  science,  and  the
            dissemination of statistical information to the benefit of the society. Recently
            ASA  started  a  voluntary  accreditation  programme  along  the  lines  of  the
            chartered statistician system of the RSS. ASA started discussions on ethical
            guidelines in 1949 and after a number of trials, the first version of the Ethical
            guidelines for statistical practice was formalised and published in 1989. It was
            revised  in  1999  and  the  current  version  was  approved  in  April  2018.  ASA
            introduced  the concept of  the “ethical  statistician”  and  postulates  that  “all
            practitioners of statistics, regardless of training and occupation or job title,
            have an obligation to work in a professional, competent, and ethical manner
            and  to  discourage  any  type  of  professional  and  scientific  misconduct”.
            Furthermore ASA states that “Good statistical practice is fundamentally based
            on transparent assumptions, reproducible results, and valid interpretations.”
            (https://www.amstat.org/ASA/Your-Career/Ethical-Guidelines-for-Statistical-
            Practice.aspx?hkey=85085cd1-5dfc-4fb9-b526-e3c6d45abc0d)
                The ISI was established at the Jubilee session of the Royal Statistical Society
            of London in 1885, bringing together governmental and academic statisticians
            with the objective of promoting the development of administrative (official)
            and scientific statistics. It continued the organisation of international statistical
            congresses, through it continued the development of international standards
            and new methods and techniques. Members of the ISI first expressed their
            desire for the promulgation of an ISI declaration of professional ethics in 1979.
            The  first  ISI  Declaration  of  professional  ethics  was  issued  in  1985  and  the
            current revised and updated version was issued in 2010. ISI considered the
            Declaration to be applicable to all persons who are involved in or use statistics
            and statistical information. The Declaration is not a set of mandatory rules, but

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