Page 139 - Contributed Paper Session (CPS) - Volume 6

CPS1850 Paula Alves de Almeida et al.
a woman” with the following auxiliary variables: sex of scriptwriter, sex of
cinematographer, sex of producer, sex of protagonist and film genre.
The film genre “experimental” was aggregated into the category “fiction”,
and the film genre “animation” was not considered in the modelling procedure
because there were very few of them in comparison with fiction and
documentary films.
For the modelling procedure, we considered only two categories for the sex
of the behind-the-scenes employers, “men” and “women”, excluding the
category “both”, for estimating differential effects for men and women in
movie key functions. Since the response variable is binary, we used a binomial
logistic regression model that relates the odds in favour of the event (the
director is a woman or the scriptwriter is a woman ) with possible associated
factors (Dobson, 2002), as follows:

3. Main results
Female presence in selected behind-the-scenes roles in Brazilian film
production from 1961 to 2016 is presented in Graph 1. We only have the
information related with sex of protagonists for films produced after 1991.
There is evidence that, for all decades, women’s participation in these key
functions is very low, although has been increasing over time.
Films with women taking the considered roles markedly increased after
1980, except for cinematographers. The female presence as director, writer
and producer portrays a similar pattern. Women fared best as producers
(24.5% in the last period, 2011-2016) and worst as cinematographers (only
about 6.3% in the last period). It can be noted, when comparing data from
1991-2000 and 2001- 2010, an upsurge of women presence as producers,
directors and scriptwriters. Female involvement in film direction seemed to
have stabilized after 2001. Therefore, this paper focuses the statistical
modeling procedure on data of the last decades.

128 | I S I W S C 2 0 1 9