Page 143 - Contributed Paper Session (CPS) - Volume 6

CPS1850 Paula Alves de Almeida et al.
Table 3 Estimated probabilities to “sex of director” by explanatory variables

Table 4 Estimated probabilities to “sex of writer” by explanatory variables

4. Discussion and Conclusion
Cinema expresses the intentions and preconceptions of those involved in
its production, mirroring relations and hierarchies of the social contexts. The
representations of social groups, gender, sexuality, race and ethnic relations,
the issues addressed in films and other decisions are made by directors,
producers and screenwriters, functions predominantly controlled by men as
highlighted in this paper. The involvement of women in key functions in
Brazilian film production, such as direction, scriptwriting, production,
cinematography, protagonism, has been experiencing impressive growth in
last decades, but is still low in comparison of male participation.
This paper shows that there are gender inequalities in command positions
in the Brazilian film industry. Therefore, decisions regarding strategic planning,
budget management and, consequently, the choices concerning the
representations of men and women with their relations in the work-family
environment and the propagation of social values are mostly in male hands.
The statistical model demonstrated an association related to gender issues
regarding the key functions in the films considered on the scope of this study.
The estimated probability of a film’s being directed by a woman increase when
the film also has women as producers and writers. The same way, the
estimated probability of a film’s being written by a woman increase when the
film also has women as directors and producers. We did not choose the
models with the variable sex of the protagonists, but it was also statistically
significant to both response variables, indicating association also between the
gender of directors and writers with the gender of the protagonists.
The importance of image and sound in contemporary society is increasing
steadily. Controlled by men, it constitutes a potent tool to keep them at the

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