Page 391 - Contributed Paper Session (CPS) - Volume 7

CPS2139 Hicham El Marizgui et al.
Women, held in Beijing in 1995, poverty was classified as a problem of
particular gravity for women.
It is currently recognized that the status of women is lower, and their
poverty is higher than that of men. Women living in poor households are
doubly poor or even more if the multidimensional aspect of poverty is taken
into account. Because poverty cannot be reduced to insufficient income but
also to the absence of choices and capacities (the case of unequal
opportunities for access to public goods or services, to the labour market, to
the exercise of power, etc.), the poor female population can only be poorer
than traditional measures of poverty reveal.
Women's vulnerability to poverty, in the context of developing countries,
is often reinforced by the prevailing socio-cultural value system. Among these
values are stereotypes and prejudices according to which the role of women,
because they are less empowered than men to perform other decision-making
tasks and responsibilities, is that of mothers.
From the outset, the patriarchal regime, which continues to imbue the
behaviour of traditional social strata with prejudice, combined with the
predominant macho ideology, relegates the issue of women and delays any
change in the relationship between the two sexes in order to create the
foundations for improving the status of women, and thus their escape from
their state of poverty. This seems to be perpetuated through the process of
socialization, which differentiates children according to their gender and instils
in everyone rules and behaviours specific to their gender.
This paper attempts to highlight what preceded, namely the status of
poverty of women in Morocco. We will establish the first multidimensional
poverty mapping of women based on the completeness of the 2014
population and housing census data, a typology of women's poverty in 2014
by combining the results of this mapping with those related to poverty from
the income poverty mapping.

2. Methodology
The Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) approach
bases the measurement of multidimensional poverty on a wide range of needs
whose lack of satisfaction is a factor in the prevalence or manifestation of
poverty or in its social reproduction. These needs include access to basic social
services - water, electricity and sanitation, housing conditions, education,
health and communication. These are the main objectives of the 2030
sustainable development agenda. By aggregating a series of unidimensional
indicators of well-being, this approach provides information on the complex
reality of well-being and identifies segments of the population in situations of
multiple deprivation or multidimensional poverty. Thus, a person (a woman in
our case) is considered multidimensionally poor if he/she accumulates a

378 | I S I W S C 2 0 1 9