Page 85 - Contributed Paper Session (CPS) - Volume 7

CPS2035 Noor Ismawati et al.
was done on the first 19 groups namely A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing, B
- Mining and quarrying, C – Manufacturing, D - Electricity, gas, steam and air
conditioning supply, E - Water supply; sewerage, waste management and
remediation activities, F – Construction, G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair
of motor vehicles and motorcycles, H - Transportation and storage, I -
Accommodation and Food service activities J - Information and
communication, K - Financial and insurance/takaful activities, L - Real estate
activities, M - Professional, scientific and technical activities, N - Administrative
and support service activities, O - Public administration and defence;
compulsory social security, P – Education, Q - Human health and social work
activities, R - Arts, entertainment and recreation and S - Other service activities.
Earning refers to the basic salary or wage received per month for a primary
job as declared by the respondent. In the analysis, proportion of employees
by industry and median earning is combined to describe the earning patterns
by industry and citizenship. The median earning is presented as the earning
distributions were not normally distributed. In the scatter plot, the trend line
is added assuming the distribution follows linear pattern.

3. Result
The sample consists of 458,515 respondents which represented by about
50,000 respondents per year except in 2017. Each year, there were less than 9
percent of non‐citizen in the sample. On average, there were 8.3 percent of
non‐citizen employees in the sample. As indicated by Table 1, 65 percent of
the employees in 2010 worked in C – Manufacturing, G ‐ Wholesale and retail
trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles, O ‐ Public administration and
defence; compulsory social security, P – Education and F – Construction.
However, the first four industries were the ones with double digit shares in
2010. The same trend can be seen in other years and can be seen for the whole
sample and among the Malaysian citizen employees. On average these five
industries constitutes 63 percent of the employees for the duration of study.
However, the top five industries with the non‐citizen employees are A ‐
Agriculture, forestry and fishing, C – Manufacturing, F – Construction, I ‐
Accommodation and Food service activities and G ‐ Wholesale and retail trade;
repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles. These five industries comprised of
90 percent of the employees in 2010 with overall average of 89 percent.

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