Page 107 - Special Topic Session (STS) - Volume 2

STS463 Siti Asiah A. et al.
overtime payment breakdown can be harmonized with data from EC which
breaks into salaries and wages includes overtime, allowances, bonuses,
commission and also director’s salaries, allowances, fees, bonuses and
commissions. Data on earnings from Household Income Survey (HIS) that
consist of wages and salaries, allowances, bonuses, other cash (e.g.:
commissions, overtime), free/concessional food, free/concessional lodging,
free/concessional consumer goods and services, other payments in kind
received and employer’s contribution also can be served as primary source for
payments element. Besides, data for employment costs are also available from
EC and other government agencies.
For now, Malaysia still in the process of strengthening the Labour Market
Information (LMI) using administrative records from various agencies and
sources. Through this process, Malaysia would be able to obtain real time LMI
and lead to granular and timely data. Reference from the other countries like
Australia, Denmark, the Netherland and Switzerland are taken into
consideration when developing the labour accounts even the developments
of each country are at different stages. Based on the sources of data that
Malaysia have and the identity relationship that were used by Australia,
Denmark, the Netherland and Switzerland, the components in developing the
labour account can be grouping into four main quadrants that is persons, jobs,
payments and volume. Figure 1 shows the fundamental components in each
quadrant.

Figure 1: Four main quadrants in Malaysian Labour Accounts
PERSONS JOBS
Labour force Main jobs
Employed Secondary jobs
Unemployed Job vacancies
Underemployed Filled jobs
Underutilised
PAYMENTS VOLUME
Total labour cost Hours actually worked
Employment related costs Hours paid for
Payroll tax Overtime hours paid for
Compensation of employees Ordinary time hours paid for
Employment subsidies Hours sought but not worked
Total labour income Hours sought by unemployed
Labour income from self-employed Additional hours sought by
underemployed

Each component has data available from different sources and approaches.
Selection of data need to make first in which sources serve as primary sources
or combination of sources also can be appropriate with the harmonization

96 | I S I W S C 2 0 1 9