Page 140 - Special Topic Session (STS) - Volume 4

STS571 Sarpono et al.
several uses of mobile phone data for official statistics, it confirmed that
mobile phone data may be of use to statistical topics varying from economic
activity, tourism, population density to mobility and road use (de Jonge, 2012).
The outcomes of the Eurostat study concluded that at present mobile
positioning data can be used as a supplement rather than as a replacement
source of data for the current official tourism indicators. Furthermore, the
study commissioned by Eurostat explained the use of mobile data as a source
for tourism indicators, this new source of data can improve timeliness (in some
cases up to near-real time), access to statistical information previously not
available (new indicators) calibration opportunities for existing data, better
resolution, and accuracy in time and space. In Estonia, MPD has been used as
an official source of travel statistics since 2008 (Kroon, 2012).
As a new data source, there also challenges and limitations with big data
(including mobile positioning data) that have to be taken into account in order
to produce valuable and quality statistics, especially regarding its accuracy. In
MPD there is a lack of qualitative data on tourism motivation such as the
purpose of the trip, expenditure, type of accomodation and means of
transport used (Eurostat, 2014) and the sample does not include non-roamers.
One way to overcome the limitations of big data is by combining it with
small data obtained from a survey. MPD still has weakness such as related to
privacy issues or confidentiality of the costumers and surveillance and also still
expensive. In Indonesia, the use of MPD for Tourism Statistics have been
initiated since 2016 by collaboration among Indonesia Ministry of Tourism,
Statistics Indonesia, and the main MDP Company in Indonesia, Telkomsel. In
order to know the ground truth of MPD, BPS Statistics Indonesia, in
collaboration with Ministry of Tourism, conducted an extended Cross Border
Mobile Usage Survey in 2017 to know the behavior of the border-crosser in
using their mobile also the characteristics of the border crosser. The number
of entry gates covered was higher than usual. The aim of the survey was also
to obtain information that will be used to form ratios for the formula of
additional tourism.
BPS-Statistics Indonesia started to use MPD since October 2016 for
inbound tourism statistics collaboration with Indonesia Ministry of Tourism
and the main Mobile Network Operators in Indonesia, Telkomsel. MPD is a
method of tracking the locations of mobile devices in time and space,
collected by MNOs and mobile app developers (Tiru, 2014). Prior to MPD use,
Indonesia used administrative data (immigration data) and cross-border
(shuttle) survey. The cross-border survey were quite expensive due to the
borders areas being remote, and the transportation costs to survey locations
are high. Also, the survey is only conducted in a month in selected locations,
to estimate the number for a year for the entire border. So, there is a coverage
problem in the tourism data in Indonesia. If we compare with the neighboring
countries, in Indonesia the neighboring countries only constituted about 7

129 | I S I W S C 2 0 1 9