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CPS2044 Mohd Asrul Affendi A. et al.
                                                      −1
                                    (         ) (        )   ,                                         < 
                                           ′
                                    [ ]  [ ]                      
                                                      ′
                   ℎ(|, , ()) =
                                                                     −1
                                   (                 ) (               )    ,     ≥ 
                                  { [  + ()]  [  + ()]  
                                          ′
                                                             ′
               The cumulative hazard function H(t│a,x,z(t))associated with  T can be obtained
               as;
                      (|, , ())
                                             −1
                          ∫ (          )(        )      ,                                          < 
                                    ′
                              [ ]  [ ]                         
                                               ′
                      =    0
                                                            −1
                         ∫ (                  ) (                )      ,   ≥  
                                   ′
                                                      ′
                        {  0  [  + ()]  [  + ()]
               Thus;
                     (|, , ())
                                  
                          (        ) ,                                                                                     < 
                                ′
                          [ ]                                            
                     =
                                                          
                         (         ) + (             ) − (             ) ,     ≥  
                                              ′
                                ′
                                                                ′
                        { [ ]  [  + ]  [  + ]
               The survival function S(t│a,x,z(t)) follows as;
                                   (|, , ()) = exp[ −(|, , ())]
                 (|, , ())
                                    
                      [− (     ) ] ,                                                                                        <  
                                  ′
                             [ ]
                 =
                                                             
                      [− [(  ′  ) + (      ′      ) − (      ′      ) ]] ,    ≥  
                   {         [ ]  [  + ]  [  + ]

               Parameter  Estimation  for  Weibull  Time-Varying  Covariate  Model:
               Following Lessafre and Lawson (2013), Jamil et al. (2017), Olaniran and Yahya
               (2017), Olaniran and Abdullah (2017), Olaniran and Abdullah (2018a), Olaniran
               and Abdullah (2018b) among others the likelihood of a parametric survival
               model with right censored times can be define as;
                                () = ∏  (  |) ∏ ( |)                           (7)
                                                       
                                                            
               Where uce denote uncensored and ce denotes right censored. The likelihood
               in (7) can be simplified if a censoring indicator si that takes 0 for censored and
               1 for uncensored is assumed. Thus,
                                        () = ∏   ℎ( |) ( |)            (8)
                                                           
                                                               
                                                       
                                                 =1
               For  the  case  of  time‐dependent  covariate,  we  define  c_i  to  be  the  time
               dependent indicator as a piece‐wise function;
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