Page 252 - Contributed Paper Session (CPS) - Volume 2

CPS1849 Shaymaa Wael A.R.
Lastly, these activities contribute to physical well-being of people by
improving their consumption of goods and services.
Unpaid care has gained a little visibility in international policy over recent
years. In 1995, The Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action, which came
out of the World Conference on Women specifically references it. In 2013 a
report from the United Nations Special Rapporteur on Extreme Poverty and
Human Rights, Magdalena Sepúlveda Carmona helped propel the issue
further into the minds of the international development community. The
report analyzed the relationship between unpaid care and poverty, and that it
is a barrier to women’s equal enjoyment of human rights. 'Unpaid care work
underpins and underlies all of development progress,' says Deepta Chopra, a
Research Fellow at the Institute of Development Studies (IDS). 'It's
disproportionately distributed towards women and girls which then restricts
their freedom and participation in social and economic life, affects their health
negatively and keeps them in this cycle of low income and high poverty.'
IDS, along with Action Aid International, have been exploring the global
political, economic and social conditions under which policy actors recognize
or ignore the significance of unpaid care, and helping to advocate for unpaid
care work to be part of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). At present,
Goal 5 in the SDGs focuses on gender equality and the empowerment of
women and girls with one of the targets being on unpaid care: 'by 2030,
recognize, reduce and redistribute unpaid domestic and care work through
the provision of public services, infrastructure and social protection, and the
promotion of shared responsibility between men and women.'
Proper valuation of unpaid work would show that women should also be
considered as main breadwinners if the number of hours worked rather than
the money earned is considered. Time- use surveys are considered very useful
tools in this context since they provide detailed information on how individuals
spend their time on a daily or weekly basis with a combination of specificity
and comprehensiveness not achieved in any other type of surveys (Hirway
1999). The survey helps in understanding the time use pattern in relation to
some important household characteristics like female/male headed
households, income/consumption level of the household, occupation of the
household and also relating time use patterns to individual characteristics,
such as, age, gender, marital status, education etc.
The paper is structured as follows: section one will be on the differentials
of unpaid family workers among the main three regions of Egypt. Section two
will analyze the determinants of unpaid family work in the three main regions
of Egypt. Finally, the paper will try to estimate the monetary value of unpaid
family work in the three main regions of Egypt.

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