Page 92 - Contributed Paper Session (CPS) - Volume 7

CPS2036 Mahdir B. et al.
One of the considered method can be used is using GIS since many studies
found that GIS is very helpful in site location determination. GIS is a computer-
based system that aids in collection, maintenance, storage, analysis, and
distribution of spatial (geographical) data and information (Cheng, Li, & Yu,
2007; Roig-Tierno, Baviera-Puig, Buitrago-Vera, & Mas-Verdu, 2013). It is
suggested that the multi-layer maps and visualized spatial and non-spatial
data can be used to find the optimal solution for the location identification
problems (Cheng et al. (2007)). In addition to that, GIS-based model has been
used to find solutions for minimum distance, maximum demand coverage,
maximum income coverage, and optimal centre to determine a suitable
location for a shopping mall. In a more recent study, Mardouki and Kordzadeh
(2016) concluded that GIS are able to locate a suitable location for a children-
specific store in Bannock County, Idaho. The essential parts of GIS
implementation to plantation management shall include mapping where
accurate verification of estate boundaries can be made, typically revealing
discrepancies and areas occupied by others (David Miller, 2009).
The identification of survey locations using GIS depends heavily on the
land titles of the plantations or smallholdings which was issued through land
registration. Land registration is the process of official recording of rights in
the land through deeds or title (on properties). It means that there is an official
record (the land register) of right on land or deed concerning changes in legal
situation or defined units in land or deed concerning changes in the legal
situation or defined units of land. It gives an answer to the question “who” and
“how” (Jaap Zevenbergen, 2004). Another similar term used with land
registration is “cadastre” which is described as “an official record of
information about land parcels, including details of their bounds, tenure, use
and value” (McLaughlin/Nichols, 1989). A Land Title shall be deemed to
alienate only the land within the boundaries as marked on the ground at the
time of the survey on which the title is based (State of Sabah Land Ordinance,
1968). Registered land in Sabah can easily be traced by referring to the digital
maps provided by Sabah Land and Survey Department in their website. Digital
maps are maps that are in softcopy format and are stored electronically in
computer files. Examples of these satellite imageries, digital photographic
imageries, digitized or scanned analogue maps (Ayeni,O.O. & O.S. Adewale,
2002).
Matching processes between the registered lands with the EBs in MSAR
will be carried out by the application of GIS Analysis Techniques which involves
proximity analysis and overlaying analysis techniques. In a case study
conducted in a tea plantation area, proximity analysis and overlaying analysis
techniques were used to identify the areas which need protection (N N K
Wellala, et al., 2012).

79 | I S I W S C 2 0 1 9