Page 467 - Invited Paper Session (IPS) - Volume 2

IPS320 Wissanee P. et al.
enterprises work in agriculture and 47 percent work in non-Agricultural
activities.
In order to assess dependency, three different groups were created based
on the two tested boundaries. i.e. self-identified self-employed persons
without employees in an unincorporated enterprise who:
(a) Do not control the price and obtain the material input from another
company, agent or contractor or customer;
(b) Do control the price and obtain their own material input;
(c) Do not control the price-setting but do obtain their own material input.
Workers in Group a) meet both test conditions for dependent contractor
and thus have the highest degree of dependency due to both their economic
and their organizational dependency. It is the smallest group (1.7 per cent of
self-employed persons without employees in an unincorporated enterprise).
With just over one third (35 per cent) of the workers in this group work in
agriculture, it has the lowest share of agriculture workers among the three
groups The majority of those in this group who work outside agriculture work
in their own dwelling.
Workers in Group b) do not meet either condition for dependency; they are
likely to be independent self-employed workers without employees in
unincorporated enterprises. Workers in this group are expected to show the
highest degree of independency since they control the price for their goods
and services and obtain their own material input. It is the largest of the three
group (57 per cent of all self-employed persons without employees in an
unincorporated enterprise) and just over half of them work outside of
agriculture. The majority of those outside of agriculture are male and 39 per
cent work in their own shop or their own dwelling, 25 per cent at a market stall
or street and 21 per cent in their own enterprise.
Group c) presents a more challenging case: They procure their own supplies
or follow their own instructions, but they report not controlling price. They
therefore have a degree of economic dependency but a lower degree of
organizational dependency compared to group (a). Some 15 per cent of all
self-employed persons without employees in an unincorporated enterprise are
in group (c). Virtually all work in Agriculture (95%). The 5 per cent who work
outside agriculture share characteristics with group (a). The majority of this
non-agriculture subgroup work in their own dwelling and an additional 14 per
cent have “no fixed” workplace. The ambiguous situation of workers in this
group and the high share of agriculture workers point to the usefulness of
adding additional boundaries/questions that would assist in interpreting the
questions on price control.
Groups (a), (b) and (c) account for 73.3 per cent of the self-identified self-
employed persons without employees in an unincorporated enterprise. The

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