Page 54 - Special Topic Session (STS) - Volume 1

STS364 Maria F.
appropriate to get the job or to perform the job reported by all workers in the
same occupation or occupational group.
For measuring the skills mismatch we compare the skills required for
competent job performance and skills possessed by a person in employment.
The mismatch can be measured for:
1. specific types of skills (skill as multi-dimensional concept), when a
person in employment is overskilled/undeskilled if the level of specific
type of skills required to do their job are lower/higher than the level of
skills they possess.
2. overall skills (skill as uni-dimensional concept), when a person in
employment is overskilled if they assess having the skills to perform
more complex tasks or underskilled if they report that, for competent
performance at the job, some of their skills need to be further
developed.
ILO Guidelines 2018 suggest the following basic indicators for reporting
labour underutilization related to the inadequate use and mismatch of
qualifications and skills of persons in employment:
– persons in employment mismatched by level of education, over and
undereducated,
– persons in employment mismatched by field of study,
– persons in employment mismatched by both level of education and
field of study,
– persons in employment mismatched by technical skills, over and
underskilled,
– persons in employment mismatched by basic skills, over and
underskilled,
– persons in employment mismatched by transferable skills, over and
underskilled.
To understand the relationship between qualification and skills mismatches,
it is suggested to identify separately and report headcounts and rates for the
groups:
– persons in employment undereducated but matched/mismatched by
type/level of skills,
– persons in employment overeducated but matched/mismatched by
type/level of skills,
– persons in employment matched by level of education but
matched/mismatched by type/level of skills,
– persons in employment mismatched by field of study but
matched/mismatched by type/level of skills.
2.2 Education statistics is collected due to the methodology provided by
International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) 2011, the standard
framework developed by UNESCO and used to categorize and report cross-

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