Page 253 - Contributed Paper Session (CPS) - Volume 7

CPS2078 Manisah Othman et al.
2. Methodology
SUA is a balancing account that contains elements of supply and utilization.
Elements of supply include opening stock, production and imports. While,
elements of utilization include exports, seed, feed, waste, processing, closing
stock and food. Three indicators can be generated i.e. self-sufficiency ratio
(SSR), imports dependency ratio (IDR) and per capita consumption (PCC)
through which able to analyze the trend of supply and utilization of agricultural
commodities thus evaluate the country's agricultural performance especially in
determining sufficient food supply security.
Self-sufficiency ratio (SSR) can explain the extent to which the supply of
agricultural commodities can meet domestic demand. SSR that reach 100 per
cent or more indicates that production is sufficient to meet domestic needs.
While, the import dependency ratio (IDR) indicate the degree of dependence
of a country on the import of agricultural commodities to meet domestic
needs. The higher the IDR, the more supply of agricultural commodities to be
imported. Meanwhile, for per capita consumption (PCC) refers to the amount
of food consumption by each person per year. PCC is measured in kilograms a
year.

3. Result
Summary of findings is described in three categories: crops, livestock and
fisheries. Referring to the 2013-2017 publication, there are 33 selected
agricultural commodities listed in SUA. These include 22 selected agricultural
commodities for crops, 5 selected agricultural commodities for livestock and
fisheries respectively. Other commodity is reviewed base on the importance
of the commodity on that particular of time.
3.1 Crops
Out of 22 crop items, 13 are fruit items and 9 are vegetable items. Selected
fruits consist of coconut, banana, pineapple, durian, watermelon, guava,
papaya, sweet corn, jackfruit, rambutan, mango, mangosteen and starfruit. Of
the 13 items of the fruits, the SSR for watermelon is highest with 151.1 per
cent. This indicates that watermelon production is sufficient and has exceeded
domestic demand.
Data in 2017 showed that 177,048.5 tonnes comprising production and
import, of 172,275.4 tonnes and 4,773.1 tonnes respectively. The Federal
Agricultural Marketing Authority (FAMA) shows that the average retail price
for the first week of April, July and October 2017 ranges from RM3.00 to
RM3.15 per kilogram; stable throughout the year.
However, the opposite scenario faced for mango, where SSR is 25.3 per
cent, the lowest among 13 items of fruits. The signal indicates that mango
production is insufficient to meet domestic needs. With the lowest SSR for
mango, statistics shows a high impact on IDR where mango IDR is 78.8 per

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