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STS571 Ossi Nurmi et al.
                By  recalibrating  the  existing  survey  data  using  data  from  MNOs,  it’s
            possible to combine the strengths and alleviate the weaknesses in both data
            sources.  This  results  in  significant  improvement  in  geographical  as  well  as
            temporal granularity of outbound tourism statistics. Geographical granularity
            refers to the number of countries that can be reported, while the temporal
            granularity is the monthly tourism seasonality to each of those countries.
                This study was conducted by using data from two  MNOs consisting of
            roughly  two  thirds  of  all  Finnish  mobile  subscribers.  The  data  from  both
            operators  are highly correlated.  This  suggests  that  similar  results could be
            obtained by using data only from a single MNO, given that its subscribers are
            not geographically or socio-demographically biased.

            References
            1.  Eurostat (2018). ESSNET Big Data Project. Available at:
                https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/fpfis/mwikis/essnetbigdata/index.php/ESSn
                et_Big_Data
            2.  Statistics Finland. Finnish travel statistics. Available at:
                http://www.stat.fi/til/smat/index_en.html
            3.  Eurostat (2014). Feasibility Study on the Use of Mobile Positioning Data
                for Tourism Statistics. Consolidated Report Eurostat Contract No
                30501.2012.001 – 2012.452. Available at:
                https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/747990/6225717/MP-
                Consolidated-report.pdf






































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