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CPS2119 Noor Azlin M. S. et al.
Formal Education) and Household Income. While, social characteristics contain
overall satisfaction level on Family Relationship, Economic Situation, Health
Status, Safety, Community Relationship, Religion Practice, and Housing and
Environment. Each explanatory variable for social characteristic was measured
using a 3-point scale (low, moderate, and high). The list of variables and
associated classes are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2. List of dependent and independent variables and the associated classes for the
study
Variable Class Variable Class
Family Well-Being Low Economic Low
Satisfaction (Y) Moderate situation ( ) Moderate
7
High High
Strata ( ) Urban Health ( ) Low
8
1
Rural Moderate
High
Ethnic ( ) Bumiputra Safety ( ) Low
2
9
Chinese Moderate
Indian High
Household Type Nuclear Community Low
( ) Extended Relationship ( ) Moderate
10
3
Single High
Blended
Educational Level Tertiary Religion Practice Low
( ) Secondary ( ) Moderate
4
11
Primary High
No Formal Education
Household <RM2000 Housing and Low
Income ( ) RM2001-RM4000 Environment ( ) Moderate
5
12
RM4001-RM7000 High
> RM7000
Family Low
Relationship ( ) Moderate
6
High

4. Results and Discussion
This section provides some comparison in terms of goodness of fit test
(Table 3), pseudo R-square statistics (Table 4), parameter estimates, log
likelihood and AIC values for the fitted models with four link functions. Table
5 shows the results of parameter estimates for ordinal regression models with
four link functions, while Table 6 shows the comparison of log likelihood and
AIC values.

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