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IPS173 Yuki U.
(Appendix)
Sample survey framework of the Tankan
The Tankan uses a sample survey framework, which surveys part of a
population (sample) and estimates the population parameters using the
sample data. In a sample survey, a higher number of sample enterprises
improves statistical accuracy and also increases the total burden on survey
respondents. Stratified sampling has been introduced in the Tankan to satisfy
established criteria for statistical accuracy with a controlled number of sample
enterprises. Under this sampling method, the survey population is divided into
homogeneous groups (strata) using criteria such as industry and capital, then,
each stratum is sampled. Detail procedures of the estimation for quantitative
survey, which is a part of survey items of the Tankan, are as follows.
1. Stratification method of the sample design
The survey population is divided into 93 strata — 31 industries times 3
enterprise sizes (large, medium-sized, and small enterprises). These are then
subdivided into 2 to 6 strata in order to minimize the variance of sales of the
survey population enterprises with a goal of 300 to 400 strata as a whole. Each
stratum is further subdivided into 2 to 4 minimum strata based on capital and
sales to test whether there is a statistically significant difference in these strata
between the sample and population distributions. The conceptual diagram
below shows the stratification method as outlined above.

2. Estimation method for quantitative survey (annual projections, number of
new graduates hired) The estimate of the population total is obtained by
aggregating the population total in each 93 stratum, which is estimated as
follows.

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